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Cold Rolled Steel

Charts

Steel Sheet Designations
Gauge Chart - Hot, P&O, Cold Coil
Gauge Chart - Galvanized
Coil Weight Calculator
Standard Chemistries
Typical Mechanical Properties
SAE J2340 High Strength Low Alloy Required Mechanical Properties
Olson Chart
Coating Weight Conversion
Metric Conversions

 

Steel Sheet Designations

Commercial Steel – CS (Hot Rolled, Cold Rolled, and Galvanized)
ASTM Specifications:*
Specific General
HR: ASTM A1011 (A568)
CR: ASTM A1008 (A568)
GV: ASTM A653 (A924)
CS Type A, Carbon .10% max., allows use of ultra-low carbon CS Type B, Carbon .02% to .15% CS Type C, Carbon .08% max., allows use of ultra-low carbon but also higher phosphorus levels. CS (No Type), Carbon .16% to .25% max. *These specifications replace the former Commercial Quality Grades. HR only (A659)
Deep Drawing Steel – DDS (Cold Rolled and Galvanized)
ASTM Specifications:
Specific General
CR: ASTM A1008 (A568)
GV: ASTM A653 (A924)
DDS, Carbon .06% max. (CR)DDS, Type A .06% max. (GV)DDS, Type C .02% max. (GV) but allows Phos .020% to .100%
Drawing Steel – DS (Hot Rolled and Cold Rolled)
ASTM Specifications:
Specific General
GV: ASTM A1011 (A568)
CR: ASTM A1008 (A568)
DS Type A, Carbon .08% max., allows use of ultra-low carbon. DS Type B, Carbon .02% to .08% *These specifications replace the former DQSK (AKDQ) Quality Grades.
Extra Deep Drawing Steel – EDDS (Cold Rolled and Galvanized)
ASTM Specifications:
Specific General
CR: ASTM A1008 (A568)
GV: ASTM A653 (A924)
EDDS, Carbon .02% max. Mandates a fully stabilized, interstitial-free ultra-low carbon steel.

 

Gauge Chart

Hot Rolled, P&O, Cold Rolled

Gauge No. Thickness (Inches) Lb. per Sq. Ft*
Nominal Ordering Limits
3 0.239 .2281 to .2501 9.754
4 0.224 .2162 to .2322 9.146
5 0.209 .2012 to .2172 8.534
6 0.194 .1863 to .2023 7.927
7 0.179 .1723 to .1863 7.315
8 0.164 .1574 to .1714 6.707
9 0.150 .1425 to .1565 6.099
10 0.135 .1285 to .1405 5.487
11 0.120 .1136 to .1256 4.879
12 0.105 .0986 to .1106 4.267
13 0.090 .0847 to .0947 3.659
14 0.075 .0697 to .0797 3.047
15 0.067 .0623 to .0723 2.746
16 0.060 .0548 to .0648 2.440
17 0.054 .0498 to .0578 2.195
18 0.048 .0438 to .0518 1.950
19 0.042 .0378 to .0458 1.705
20 0.036 .0329 to .0389 1.465
21 0.033 .0299 to .0359 1.342
22 0.030 .0269 to .0329 1.220
23 0.027 .0239 to .0299 1.097
24 0.024 .0209 to .0269 0.975
25 0.021 .0179 to .0239 0.853
26 0.018 .0159 to .0199 0.730
27 0.016 .0144 to .0184 0.669
28 0.015 .0129 to .0169 0.608
*Based upon steel density of .2833 lbs./in3.

 

Gauge Chart

Galvanized

Gauge No. Thickness (Inches) Lb. Sq. Ft* G90 CTG.
Nominal Ordering Limits
8 0.168 .1601 to .1760 6.852
9 0.153 .1452 to.1612 6.244
10 0.138 .1302 to .1462 5.632
11 0.123 .1153 to .1313 5.025
12 0.108 .1004 to .1164 4.417
13 0.093 .0854 to .1014 3.805
14 0.079 .0705 to .0865 3.197
15 0.071 .0650 to .0770 2.891
16 0.064 .0575 to .0695 2.585
17 0.058 .0525 to .0625 2.340
18 0.052 .0466 to .0566 2.100
19 0.046 .0406 to .0506 1.855
20 0.040 .0356 to .0436 1.610
21 0.037 .0326 to .0406 1.488
22 0.034 .0296 to .0376 1.365
23 0.031 .0266 to .0346 1.243
24 0.028 .0236 to .0316 1.120
25 0.025 .0207 to .0287 1.002
26 0.022 .0187 to .0247 0.880
27 0.020 .0172 to .0232 0.819
28 0.019 .0157 to .0217 0.757
29 0.017 .0142 to .0202 0.696
30 0.016 .0127 to .0187 0.635
31 0.014 .0112 to .0172 0.574
32 0.013 .0104 to .0164 0.541
*based upon steel density of .2833 lbs./in3, based upon zinc density of .2580 lbs./in3
Standard Manufacturer’s Gauge designations are no longer officially recognized in the domestic steel industry, which uses only decimals when referring to the thickness of flat rolled products. Most customers, especially service centers, still use gauge numbers as a reference to thickness in daily transactions.

 

Coil Weight Calculator

LBS. Per Inch of Width-PIW Coil B.U. on 20″ inside DIA.   Outside DIA. On 20″ inside DIA. Coil B.U. on 24″ inside DIA.   Outside DIA. On 24″ inside DIA.
150 6 1/2″ = 33″ 5 3/4″ = 35 1/2″
170 7″ = 34″ 6 1/4″ = 36 1/2″
185 7 1/2″ = 35″ 6 3/4″ = 37 1/2″
200 8″ = 36″ 7 1/4″ = 38 1/2″
215 8 1/2″ = 37″ 7 3/4″ = 39 1/2″
230 9″ = 38″ 8 1/4″ = 40 1/2″
250 9 1/2″ = 39″ 8 5/8″ = 41 1/4″
265 10″ = 40″ 9″ = 42″
285 10 1/2″ = 41″ 9 1/4″ = 42 1/2″
300 11″ = 42″ 10″ = 44″
325 11 1/2″ = 43″ 10 1/2″ = 45″
345 12″ = 44″ 11″ = 46″
365 12 1/2″ = 45″ 11 1/2″ = 47″
385 13″ = 46″ 12″ = 48″
410 13 1/2″ = 47″ 12 5/8″ = 49 1/4″
420 14″ = 48″ 12 7/8″ = 49 3/4″
445 14 1/2″ = 49″ 13 3/8″ = 50 3/4″
465 15″ = 50″ 13 3/4″ = 51 1/2″
490 15 1/2″ = 51″ 14 3/8″ = 52 3/4″
510 16″ = 52″ 14 3/4″ = 53 1/2″
535 16 1/2″ = 53″ 15 3/8″ = 54 3/4″
560 17″ = 54″ 15 7/8″ = 55 3/4″
580 17 1/2″ = 55″ 16 1/4″ = 56 1/2″
610 18″ = 56″ 16 7/8″ = 57 3/4″
630 18 1/2″ = 57″ 17 1/4″ = 58 1/2″
660 19″ = 58″ 17 3/4″ = 59 1/2″
685 19 1/2″ = 59″ 18″ = 60″
710 20″ = 60″ 18 3/4″ = 61 1/2″
740 20 1/2″ = 61″ 19 1/4″ = 62 1/2″
765 21″ = 62″ 19 3/4″ = 63 1/2″
795 21 1/2″ = 63″ 20 1/4″ = 64 1/2″
820 22″ = 64″ 20 3/4″ = 65 1/2″
855 22 1/2″ = 65″ 21 1/4″ = 66 1/2″
880 23″ = 66″ 21 3/4″ = 67 1/2″
910 23 1/2″ = 67″ 22 1/4″ = 68 1/2″
940 24″ = 68″ 22 3/4″ = 69 1/2″
970 24 1/2″ = 69″ 23 1/4″ = 70 1/2″
1000 25″ = 70″ 23 5/8″ = 71 1/4″
1030 25 1/2″ = 71″ 24 1/8″ = 72 1/4″
1060 26″ = 72″ 24 1/2″ = 73″
1090 26 1/2″ = 73″ 25″ = 74″
To calculate coil PIW (pounds per inch of width), divide coil width into coil weight. To calculate coil outside diameter, refer to PIW against inside diameter (20″ or 24″). To calculate coil weight, multiply PIW x width. B.U. = Build Up (OD – ID / 2)

 

Standard Chemistries

These new chemistries were approved October 2008.

Steel Designation SAE NO. Chemical Composition Limits, %
C Mn P max S max
1003 0.02-0.06 0.35 max 0.03 0.035
1004 0.02-0.08 0.35 max 0.03 0.035
1005 0.06 max 0.35 max 0.03 0.035
1006 0.08 max 0.45 max 0.03 0.035
1007 0.02-0.10 0.50 max 0.03 0.035
1008 0.10 max 0.50 max 0.03 0.035
1009 0.15 max 0.60 max 0.03 0.035
1010 0.08-0.13 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1012 0.10-0.15 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1015 0.13-0.18 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1016 0.13-0.18 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1017 0.15-0.20 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1018 0.15-0.20 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1019 0.15-0.20 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1020 0.18-0.23 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1021 0.18-0.23 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1022 0.18-0.23 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1023 0.20-0.25 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1025 0.22-0.28 0.30-0.60 0.03 0.035
1026 0.22-0.28 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1030 0.28-0.34 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1033 0.30-0.36 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1035 0.32-0.38 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1037 0.32-0.38 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1038 0.35-0.42 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1039 0.37-0.44 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1040 0.37-0.44 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1042 0.40-0.47 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1043 0.40-0.47 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1045 0.43-0.50 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1046 0.43-0.50 0.70-1.00 0.03 0.035
1049 0.46-0.53 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035
1050 0.48-0.55 0.60-0.90 0.03 0.035

 

Typical Mechanical Properties

The values below are for reference only and are not to be used as material specifications (N/A – not applicable):

Property CS FS DS DDS EDDS
Hot Rolled
Yield strength (ksi) 28-42 N/A 25-35 N/A N/A
Ultimate tensile strength (ksi) 45-55 N/A 40-50 N/A N/A
Elongation (% in 2 inches) 20-36 N/A 35-45 N/A N/A
Base metal hardness (Rockwell B) 45-75 N/A 45-68 N/A N/A
Cold Rolled
Yield strength (ksi) 25-40 N/A 20-29 17-29 15-25
Ultimate tensile strength (ksi) 35-50 N/A 35-46 32-44 30-43
Elongation (% in 2 inches) 25-40 N/A 38-46 38+ 40+
Base metal hardness (Rockwell B) 40-60 N/A 30-50 30-50 25-45
rm-Value N/A N/A 1.3-1.7 1.4-1.8 1.7-2.1
n-Value N/A N/A .17-.22 .20-.25 .23-.27
Galvanized
Yield strength (ksi) 35-49 25-38 N/A 20-35 15-25
Ultimate tensile strength (ksi) 47-57 42-50 N/A 30-45 25-40
Elongation (% in 2 inches) 23-37 33-43 N/A 32+ 40+
Base metal hardness (Rockwell B) 50-65 45-58 N/A 25-40 20-35
rm-Value N/A 1.0-1.4 N/A 1.4-1.8 1.6-2.1
n-Value N/A .17-.21 N/A .19-.24 .22-.27

 

SAE J2340 High-Strength Low Alloy Required Mechanical Properties

SAE J2340 supersedes SAE J1392

SAE J2340 Grade Designation and Type Yield Strength MPa Min Yield Strength MPa Max Tensile Strength MPa Min % Total Elongation Min Cold Rolled % Total Elongation Min Hot Rolled
300 S 300 400 390 24 26
300X 300 400 370 24 28
300Y 300 400 400 21 25
340S 340 440 440 22 24
340X 340 440 410 22 25
340Y 340 440 440 20 24
380X 380 480 450 20 23
380Y 380 480 480 18 22
420X 420 520 490 18 22
420Y 420 520 520 16 19
490X 490 590 560 14 20
490Y 490 590 590 12 19
550X 550 680 620 12 18
550Y 550 680 650 12 18
Type S: High strength solution strengthened (C-Mn-P-S–.13% max C, .100% max P, .020% max S.)Type X: High-Strength Low-Alloy, niobium (columbium), titanium, vanadium (.005% min when used) – .13% max C, .060% max P, .015% max S. 70 MPa difference between specified minimum yield and tensile strength.Type Y: HSLA (same as Type X but 100 MPs difference between specified minimum yield and tensile strength and lower minimum elongation).Sub Type F: Sulfide inclusion control for improved formability – may be specified by the F designation (e.g., SAE J2340 – 340XF).
To convert metric to English multiply by 145.

 

Olson Chart

The steel service center industry commonly uses the Olson cup ductility test to determine the drawability of their products. This test can be helpful as an indicator of ductility but should be used as a reference only. Domestic steel producers of flat rolled products do not recognize this test because of variances in testing equipment and procedures.

Hot rolled
Gauge Commercial Steel – CS Forming Steel- FS* Drawing Steel – DS
1/4″ 605 645 655
5 600 640 650
6 600 640 650
7 590 630 645
8 580 620 640
9 570 610 630
10 560 600 630
11 550 590 600
12 530 570 590
13 510 550 570
14 490 530 550
15 480 520 540
16 460 500 520
Cold Rolled
16 420 435 450
17 415 430 440
18 395 420 430
19 385 410 420
20 370 395 410
21 360 385 400
22 350 370 390
23 340 360 375
24 330 355 370
25 320 345 360
26 315 340 355
27 305 330 345
28 300 325 340
*In 1998, ASTM discontinued Forming Steel (FS) for hot rolled (A621) and cold rolled (A619).

 

Coating Weight Conversion

Hot Dipped Galvanized

The following Table is a direct conversion chart to convert coating weight from g/m2 to oz/ft2 on a per-side basis. Note that, although a precise conversion between the metric categories (20G/20G, 40G/40G, etc.) and ASTM A653 “G” and “A” categories (G30, G60, etc.) cannot be made, a 90G/90G coating category (metric) is approximately equivalent to a G60 coating category (ASTM A 653) and a 60G/60G coating Category is approximately equivalent to an G40 Coating Category (ASTM A 653). Remember that the ASTM categories do not require specific separate side coating weights. For customers that are familiar with descriptions of the coating in terms of thickness in micrometers, this Table also contains a conversion from g/m2 to coating thickness in micrometers on a per-side basis. For example, a 70G/70G coating category requires 70 g/m2 minimum on each side of the sheet. This is equal to 9.81 micrometers per side.

Coating Weights Per Side Grams/ Square Meter Coating Weight Per Side Ounces/Square Foot Coating Thickness Per Side Micrometers
5 0.016 0.7
10 0.033 1.4
15 0.049 2.1
20 0.066 2.8
25 0.082 3.51
30 0.098 4.21
35 0.115 4.91
40 0.131 5.61
45 0.147 6.31
50 0.164 7.01
55 0.18 7.71
60 0.197 8.41
65 0.213 9.11
70 0.229 9.81
75 0.246 10.52
80 0.262 11.22
85 0.278 11.92
90 0.295 12.62
95 0.311 13.32
98 0.321 13.74
100 0.33 14.02
Conversion Factors g/m2 = oz/ft2 x 305.15 g/m2 = μm x 7.133

 

Metric Conversions

The following list contains the common metric and other unit conversions that may be applicable for purposes of ordering sheet products.

  To convert from To Multiply by
Length inches (in) millimeters (mm) 25.4
feet (ft) meters (m) 0.030
Weight ounces (oz) grams (g) 28.350
pounds (lb) grams (g) 453.59
pounds (lb) kilograms (kg) 0.454
pounds (lb) metric tons 0.005
tons metric tons 0.907
metric tons kilograms (kg) 1000
Coating Weight ounces/sq. ft. (oz/ft2) grams/sq. meter (g/m2) 305.15
Density pounds/cubic inch (lb/in3) grams/cubic centimeter (g/cm3) 27.68
Strength pounds/square inch (psi) ksi (1000 psi) 0.001
ksi megapascals (MPa) 6.895
pounds/square inch (psi) megapascals (MPa) 0.007
newtons/square millimeter (N/mm2) megapascals (MPa) 1
pounds/square inch (psi) newtons/square millimeter (N/mm2) 0.007
ksi newtons/square millimeter (N/mm2) 6.895
ksi kilograms/square millimeter (kg/mm2) 0.704
To convert metric to English divide by number indicated.

 

Thickness Tolerances

Thickness Tolerance – 3/8″ (10mm) Cut Edge and 3/4″ (19mm) Mill Edge Distance

Hot Rolled Specific width, inches (mm) Thickness Tolerance, inch (mm), over only No tolerance under specified minimum thickness
.180 (4.57) to under .230 (5.84) over .098 (2.49) to under .180 (4.57) .071 (1.80) thru .098 (2.49) .057 (1.45) thru .071 (1.80) .051 (1.37) thru .057 (1.45)
over 12 thru 20 .014 .014 .012 .012 .01
over (300) thru (510) (.36) (.36) (.30) (.30) (.25)
over 20 thru 40 .016 .014 .014 .012 .01
over (510) thru (1020) (.41) (.36) (.36) (.30) (.25)
over 40 thru 48 .018 .016 .014 .012 .012
over (1020) thru (1220) (.46) (.41) (.36) (.30) (.30)
over 48 thru 60 .02 .016 .014 .014 .012
over (1220) thru (1520) (.51) (.41) (.36) (.36) (.30)
over 60 thru 72 .022 .016 .016 .014 .014
over (1520) thru (1830) (.56) (.41) (.41) (.36) (.36)
over 72 over (1830) .024 .016 .016 – –
over (1830) (.62) (.41) (.41) – –
 

Thickness Tolerance – 3/8″ (10mm) minimum Edge Distance

Cold Rolled Specific width, inches (mm) Thickness Tolerance, inch (mm), over only No tolerance under specified minimum thickness
Over .098 (2.49) thru .142 (3.61) Over .057 (1.45) thru .098 (2.49) Over .039 (.99) thru .098 (1.45) Over .019 (.48) thru .039 (.99) .014 (.36) thru .019 (.48)
thru 72 (1,828.8) .012 (.30) .010 (.25) .008 (.20) .006 (.16) .004 (.10)
over 72 (1,828.8) .014 (.36) .010 (.25) .008 (.20) .006 (.16) –
 

Thickness Tolerance – 3/8″ (10mm) minimum Edge Distance

Galvanized Specific width, inches (mm) Thickness Tolerance, inch (mm), over only No tolerance under specified minimum thickness
Over 101 thru 177 (over 2.56 thru 4.49) Over .075 thru .101 (over 1.90 thru 2.56) Over .061 thru .075 (over 1.55 thru 1.90) Over .043 thru .061 (over 1.09 thru 1.55) Over .023 thru .043 (over .58 thru 1.09) .023 thinner (.58 and thinner)
thru 32 .016 .014 .012 .01 .008 .006
(thru 812.8) (.41) (.36) (.31) (.26) (.21) (.16)
1 over 32 thru 40 .016 .016 .012 .01 .008 .006
(over 812.8 thru 1016.0) (.41) (.41) (.31) (.26) (.21) (.16)
over 40 thru 60 .018 .016 .012 .01 .008 .006
(over 1016.0 thru 1524.0) (.46) (.41) (.31) (.26) (.21) (.16)
over 60 thru 72 .018 .018 .012 .01 .008 –
(over 812.8 thru 1016.0) (.46) (.46) (.31) (.26) (.21) –
Note: These tables do not apply to the uncropped ends of Hot Rolled Unprocessed Sheet.